Etymological and historical determination of the name and sobriquet of sultan Beybars

Abstract

This article is devoted to the biographical data of Sultan Beybars from the Kazakh land. Attention is focused on the important role of the Sultan, who lived in the XIII century and ruled in the Egyptian state, in the history of Islam. The article is distinguished by the clarification of information about the life of Baybars, reforms in power, contribution to science in the context of his name and nicknames. The biography of Sultan al-Zahir is shown by referring to historical and biographical works. The article also includes books collected and researched by Kazakh, Russian and Arabic authors in antiquity and modernity. The meanings of Baybars' name, nicknames and kunias are explained, and the pluralism of views is also shown. In addition, information is given about the commanders and educators who contributed to the personal development of Sultan al-Zahir, and the rulers of the country, whose medieval history occupies a significant place in this process. Particular attention is paid to the exploits of Beibarys before he came to power. His leadership qualities in opposition to the crusaders and the Mongol invasion are also described. The article gives an answer why he was called such laudatory nicknames as «Pillar of Religion and World», «Victorious Sultan», «Father of Victories». Key words: Beibarys Sultan, Mamluk, Egypt, religion, campaign, Kypchak.