Cranioplasty of skull bone defects in experiment

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of using platelet-rich plasma to stimulate bone tissue regeneration during bone cavity with autogenous bone grafting in an experiment on rabbits. Materials and methods. The object of the experimental study is male rabbits in the amount of 36 individuals, divided into 3 groups depending on removal terms after surgery (in 1, 3, and 6 months). With the help of bur, 7 blind holes were formed in the frontal bones of rabbits, each of which was filled with a certain plastic material. Results. The use of bone chips, liquid platelet-rich plasma, and plasmogel for grafting of bone defects, according to visual examination, morphological examination, and computed tomography (CT), promotes rapid regeneration of bone tissue. 6 months after the operation, the holes filled with these materials had the highest bone density in Hounsfield units according to CT data due to the predominance of the bone component. According to the results of the morphological study, pronounced phenomena of bone tissue remodeling with the expansion of bone beams and a decrease in the volume of fibrous tissue were noted. Conclusion. Platelet-rich plasma has a positive effect on the processes of bone regeneration. The use of bone chips contributes to a more active restoration of bone tissue in comparison with bone pâté. The technique can be used in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma during the reconstructive surgery for mastoid obliteration.