ADHD Symptoms Among Adolescents: Factor Structure Based on Mother and Adolescent Self-Ratings

IF 0.4 Q4 PEDIATRICS

Adolescent Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI:10.2174/0122106766260667231024043828

Rapson Gomez, Shaun Watson, Taylor Brown

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Abstract

Background:: At present, there is little data on the factor structure of ADHD symptoms in adolescents, especially as they are organized in the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) or the recently proposed ADHD S-1 bifactor model. This study aimed to analyze how mother and adolescent self-ratings of ADHD symptoms align with these models. Methods:: This study utilized confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on a group of 300 adolescents (ages ranging from 11 to 17 years) to examine the factor structure in terms of mother ratings and adolescent self-ratings of ADHD symptoms (inattention [IA], hyperactivity [HY], and impulsivity [IM]) presented in the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale (DBRS). Based on existing theory, the study examined five structural ADHD models: (1) DSM-5/ICD-10 one-factor model (with all symptoms loading on a single factor); (2) DSM-5 two-factor model (with IA and HY/IM factors); (3) ICD- 10 three-factor model (with IA, HY, and IM factors); (4) DSM-5 bifactor S – 1 model (with HY/IM as the reference indicators for the general factor); and (5) ICD-10 bifactor S – 1 model (with IM as the reference indicators for the general factor). Additionally, mothers and adolescents completed the five-item hyperactivity scale in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results:: The results showed the most support for the ICD-10 three-factor model, with all three factors in this model showing adequate discriminant validity, good omega coefficient reliability values, and significant and positive association with SDQ hyperactivity. Furthermore, it is speculated that the ADHD structure in adolescents might involve a general ADHD factor alongside an IA-specific factor, omitting an HY component. Since the general factor was marked by the IM symptoms, this suggests that ADHD at a latent level could be typified by IA and IM symptoms, excluding HY symptoms. Conclusion:: The theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.

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青少年ADHD症状:基于母亲和青少年自我评价的因素结构

背景:目前，关于青少年ADHD症状因素结构的数据很少，特别是在国际疾病分类-10 (ICD-10)或最近提出的ADHD S-1双因素模型中进行了组织。本研究旨在分析母亲和青少年对ADHD症状的自我评价如何与这些模型相一致。方法:采用验证性因子分析(CFA)对300名年龄在11 ~ 17岁的青少年进行分析，以母亲评分和青少年在破坏性行为评定量表(DBRS)中对ADHD症状(注意力不集中[IA]、多动[HY]、冲动[IM])的自我评分为依据，考察其因素结构。在现有理论的基础上，本研究检验了五种结构性ADHD模型:(1)DSM-5/ICD-10单因素模型(将所有症状加载到单一因素上);(2) DSM-5双因子模型(IA因子和HY/IM因子);(3) ICD- 10三因子模型(IA、HY、IM因子);(4) DSM-5双因子S - 1模型(以HY/IM作为一般因子的参考指标);(5) ICD-10双因子S -1模型(以IM作为一般因子的参考指标)。此外，母亲和青少年还完成了优势与困难问卷(SDQ)中的五项多动量表。结果:ICD-10三因素模型最受支持，该模型的三个因素均具有足够的判别效度，ω系数信度值良好，与SDQ多动呈显著正相关。此外，据推测，青少年ADHD结构可能包括一般ADHD因素和ia特异性因素，而忽略了HY成分。由于一般因素以IM症状为标志，这表明潜伏水平的ADHD可以以IA和IM症状为典型，而不包括HY症状。结论:讨论了研究结果的理论意义。

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来源期刊

Adolescent Psychiatry PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Adolescent Psychiatry a peer-reviewed journal, aims to provide mental health professionals who work with adolescents with current information relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Adolescent Psychiatry reports of original research, critical reviews of topics relevant to practitioners, clinical observations with analysis and discussion, analysis of philosophical, ethical or social aspects of the fields of psychiatry and mental health, case reports with discussions, letters, and position papers. Topics include adolescent development and developmental psychopathology, psychotherapy and other psychosocial treatment approaches, psychopharmacology, and service settings and programs. The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, or emerging adults, that is, persons 12-24 years of age . Articles on families of adolescents, or adults who have been followed since adolescence will also be considered.