Giancarlo ALTISSIMI, Grazia CARUSO, Antonio GRECO, Rosaria TURCHETTA, Patrizia MANCINI, Francesco LICCI, Angela MUSACCHIO
{"title":"Diagnosis of tinnitus","authors":"Giancarlo ALTISSIMI, Grazia CARUSO, Antonio GRECO, Rosaria TURCHETTA, Patrizia MANCINI, Francesco LICCI, Angela MUSACCHIO","doi":"10.23736/s2724-6302.23.02492-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Tinnitus is certainly a socially relevant problem, but, despite everything, even today we are witnessing a slightly too superficial management of the patient by the doctor, often as the clinical case is underestimated. All of this cannot be justified especially when there is tinnitus with sudden onset or rapid decompensation: in these cases, in fact, we could find ourselves faced with a real urgency. There are no clinical standards and guidelines for the management of tinnitus. Over the years, various classifications of tinnitus have been proposed with relatives diagnostic/therapeutic algorithms: none, however, is convincing and, above all, few clinical practice. A comprehensive literature search was accomplished using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Included articles through 2023 year and referenced by relevant literature. The eligible studies and data results were summarized in this narrative review. Studies show that tinnitus is an underestimated and difficult to diagnose problem. Often patients have already turned to healthcare professionals resulting in what we call “negative counseling.” Tinnitus is a complex multifactorial problem that may require management of clinical, psychological and/or social issues. It is important to have a positive approach from the therapist for the sake of the patient’s reaction to tinnitus. Since there is still no specific and safe pharmacological therapy of the symptom, the diagnostic study of the patient becomes the fundamental moment in which several specialists can participate and collaborate, each according to their own skills, in order to arrive at the most targeted.","PeriodicalId":38742,"journal":{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Otorhinolaryngology Clinics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6302.23.02492-1","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Tinnitus is certainly a socially relevant problem, but, despite everything, even today we are witnessing a slightly too superficial management of the patient by the doctor, often as the clinical case is underestimated. All of this cannot be justified especially when there is tinnitus with sudden onset or rapid decompensation: in these cases, in fact, we could find ourselves faced with a real urgency. There are no clinical standards and guidelines for the management of tinnitus. Over the years, various classifications of tinnitus have been proposed with relatives diagnostic/therapeutic algorithms: none, however, is convincing and, above all, few clinical practice. A comprehensive literature search was accomplished using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Included articles through 2023 year and referenced by relevant literature. The eligible studies and data results were summarized in this narrative review. Studies show that tinnitus is an underestimated and difficult to diagnose problem. Often patients have already turned to healthcare professionals resulting in what we call “negative counseling.” Tinnitus is a complex multifactorial problem that may require management of clinical, psychological and/or social issues. It is important to have a positive approach from the therapist for the sake of the patient’s reaction to tinnitus. Since there is still no specific and safe pharmacological therapy of the symptom, the diagnostic study of the patient becomes the fundamental moment in which several specialists can participate and collaborate, each according to their own skills, in order to arrive at the most targeted.
耳鸣当然是一个与社会相关的问题,但是,尽管如此,即使在今天,我们也看到医生对患者的管理有点过于肤浅,通常是由于临床病例被低估了。所有这些都是不合理的,特别是当耳鸣突然发作或迅速失代偿时:在这些情况下,事实上,我们可能会发现自己面临着真正的紧迫性。目前还没有耳鸣治疗的临床标准和指南。多年来,耳鸣的各种分类已经提出了相关的诊断/治疗算法:然而,没有一个是令人信服的,最重要的是,很少有临床实践。使用PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库完成了全面的文献检索。包括截至2023年的文章,并被相关文献引用。本文对符合条件的研究和数据结果进行综述。研究表明,耳鸣是一个被低估和难以诊断的问题。通常情况下,患者已经转向医疗保健专业人员,导致我们所谓的“负面咨询”。耳鸣是一个复杂的多因素问题,可能需要临床,心理和/或社会问题的管理。为了患者对耳鸣的反应着想,从治疗师那里得到一个积极的方法是很重要的。由于目前还没有针对该症状的具体和安全的药物治疗方法,因此对患者的诊断研究成为几个专家可以根据自己的技能参与和合作的基本时刻,以便达到最有针对性的目标。
期刊介绍:
Otorhinolaryngology Clinics: An International Journal is an International periodical devoted at exploring connections between clinical experience and world literature, and understanding of various pathologies and diseases related to the ear, nose and throat. Issues of recent advancements and research related to disease, illness, health and medical science are examined through various evidence-based clinical research studies. This journal proposes to serve as a collection of clinical notes, with an international perspective, along with the recent advances for postgraduates and consultants. The readership for this journal would include a wide variety of healthcare professionals, such as otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, ENT nurses as well as scholars and academicians in the field of medicine, trauma, surgery, etc. This journal aims to encourage the analysis of clinical data from various centers all over the world using standardized protocols to develop an international consensual perspective on the management of disorders related to the field of otorhinolaryngology. Recently, we have introduced "Case Reports", "How I Do It" and "Original Research" categories in the process of expanding the scope of the journal. Thisis a peer-reviewed journal of which three issues would be published each year. Each future issue will cover a different topic of special interest in the field of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery. This issue is the first of its kind dedicated to "anesthesia in otorhinolaryngology" and contains a compilation of articles by experienced anesthesiologists dealing with a large volume of ENT and related surgeries. In each issue, the editors give their perspective based on the submitted articles. All non invited articles are peer-reviewed. Peer-revieweing helps in providing unbiased, independent, critical assessment of the results of the research study in question including the scientific process.