{"title":"Quantum entanglement in top quark pair production","authors":"Mira Varma, Oliver K. Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2023.122795","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Top quarks, the most massive particles in the standard model<span>, attract considerable attention since they decay before hadronizing. This presents physicists with a unique opportunity to directly investigate their properties. In this letter, we expand upon the work of G. Iskander, J. Pan, M. Tyler, C. Weber and O. K. Baker to demonstrate that even with the most massive fundamental particle, we see the same manifestation of entanglement observed in both electroweak and electromagnetic interactions<span>. We propose that the thermal component resulting from protons colliding into two top quarks emerges from entanglement within the two-proton wave function. The presence of entanglement implies the coexistence of both thermal and hard scattering components in the transverse momentum distribution. We use published ATLAS and CMS results to show that the data exhibits the expected behavior.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19246,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics A","volume":"1042 ","pages":"Article 122795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nuclear Physics A","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0375947423001987","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Top quarks, the most massive particles in the standard model, attract considerable attention since they decay before hadronizing. This presents physicists with a unique opportunity to directly investigate their properties. In this letter, we expand upon the work of G. Iskander, J. Pan, M. Tyler, C. Weber and O. K. Baker to demonstrate that even with the most massive fundamental particle, we see the same manifestation of entanglement observed in both electroweak and electromagnetic interactions. We propose that the thermal component resulting from protons colliding into two top quarks emerges from entanglement within the two-proton wave function. The presence of entanglement implies the coexistence of both thermal and hard scattering components in the transverse momentum distribution. We use published ATLAS and CMS results to show that the data exhibits the expected behavior.
顶夸克是标准模型中质量最大的粒子，由于它们在强子化之前就会衰变，因此引起了相当大的关注。这给物理学家提供了一个独特的机会来直接研究它们的性质。在这封信中，我们扩展了G. Iskander, J. Pan, M. Tyler, C. Weber和O. K. Baker的工作，以证明即使是最大质量的基本粒子，我们也可以在电弱相互作用和电磁相互作用中观察到相同的纠缠表现。我们提出由质子碰撞成两个顶夸克所产生的热成分来自于双质子波函数内的纠缠。纠缠的存在意味着在横向动量分布中热散射和硬散射分量共存。我们使用已发表的ATLAS和CMS结果来表明数据表现出预期的行为。
期刊介绍：
Nuclear Physics A focuses on the domain of nuclear and hadronic physics and includes the following subsections: Nuclear Structure and Dynamics; Intermediate and High Energy Heavy Ion Physics; Hadronic Physics; Electromagnetic and Weak Interactions; Nuclear Astrophysics. The emphasis is on original research papers. A number of carefully selected and reviewed conference proceedings are published as an integral part of the journal.
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