A sustainable preparation strategy for the nitrogen-doped hierarchical biochar with high surface area for the enhanced removal of organic dye

IF 13.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Biochar Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s42773-023-00269-z

Yiting Mao, Bo Cai, Ming Huang, Xiaohuan Liu, Wenbiao Zhang, Zhongqing Ma

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Abstract

Abstract Biochar is a potential porous carbon to remove the contaminants from aquatic environments. Herein, N-doped hierarchical biochar was produced by the combined approach of ammonia torrefaction pretreatment (ATP) and alkali activation. ATP could not only incorporate N element into poplar wood, but obtain the loose structure of poplar wood. The highest surface area of N-doped hierarchical biochar was 2324.61 m 2 g −1 after ammonia wet torrefaction pretreatment, which was higher than that of activation carbon (1401.82 m 2 g −1 ) without torrefaction pretreatment, the hierarchical biochar (2111.03 m 2 g −1 ) without ammonia atmosphere. The N-doped hierarchical biochar presented the highest adsorption capacity (564.7 mg g −1 ) of methyl orange (MO), which was 14.64-fold of that on biochar without N doping. In addition, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model fitted well with the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the N-doped hierarchical biochar. The incorporation of nitrogen element could not only tune the distribution of surface electrons on biochar, but optimize the ambient condition of adsorption active sites as well. The adsorption of MO might occur on the N-/O-containing functional groups through the electrostatic interaction, the π-π dispersion interaction, and the hydrogen bonding. The density functional theory showed that the graphitic-N and pyridinic-N were the dominant adsorption active sites. Graphical Abstract

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一种可持续的高表面积氮掺杂分层生物炭的制备策略，以增强对有机染料的去除

生物炭是一种潜在的多孔碳，可以去除水生环境中的污染物。本文采用氨热解预处理(ATP)和碱活化相结合的方法制备了n掺杂层次化生物炭。ATP不仅能将N元素掺入杨木中，还能获得杨木的松散结构。氨湿焙烧预处理后n掺杂层次化生物炭的最高比表面积为2324.61 m 2 g−1，高于未焙烧预处理的活性炭(1401.82 m 2 g−1)和无氨气氛的层次化生物炭(2111.03 m 2 g−1)。N掺杂生物炭对甲基橙(MO)的吸附量最高(564.7 mg g−1)，是未掺杂生物炭的14.64倍。此外，拟二阶模型和Langmuir模型与n掺杂层次化生物炭的吸附动力学和等温线吻合良好。氮元素的加入不仅可以调节生物炭表面电子的分布，还可以优化吸附活性位点的环境条件。MO的吸附可能通过静电相互作用、π-π色散相互作用和氢键作用在含N / o的官能团上发生。密度泛函理论表明石墨- n和吡啶- n是主要的吸附活性位点。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Biochar Multiple-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： Biochar stands as a distinguished academic journal delving into multidisciplinary subjects such as agronomy, environmental science, and materials science. Its pages showcase innovative articles spanning the preparation and processing of biochar, exploring its diverse applications, including but not limited to bioenergy production, biochar-based materials for environmental use, soil enhancement, climate change mitigation, contaminated-environment remediation, water purification, new analytical techniques, life cycle assessment, and crucially, rural and regional development. Biochar publishes various article types, including reviews, original research, rapid reports, commentaries, and perspectives, with the overarching goal of reporting significant research achievements, critical reviews fostering a deeper mechanistic understanding of the science, and facilitating academic exchange to drive scientific and technological development.