Water–Energy–Carbon Nexus of Social Water Cycle System and Low-Carbon Regulation Strategy

Abstract

Water is the most active and critical factor in the socio-economic system, and the scale of greenhouse gas emissions accompanying water withdrawal and treatment is increasing. It is important to study the energy consumption and carbon emission of the social water cycle system to promote the achievement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. This study summarizes the current status of energy consumption and carbon emissions in the social water cycle from the perspective of water‒energy‒carbon nexus. Based on the analysis of change trends and influencing factors and focusing on existing problems and challenges, it proposes strategies for the efficient and low-carbon development of the social water cycle system under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets. China’s social water cycle system is developing toward an energy-intensive direction. The carbon emission intensity 收稿日期:2023-03-29;修回日期:2023-06-05 通讯作者:王建华,中国水利水电科学研究院正高级工程师,研究方向为水资源工程技术;E-mail: wjh@iwhr.com 资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(72088101, 52009141);中国工程院咨询项目“气候变化与双碳目标背景下的能源与水综合协同发展战略 研究”(2022-XZ-07) 本刊网址:www.engineering.org.cn/ch/journal/sscae