Structural controls on magma pathways in Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye (BBTM) volcanic system, Main Ethiopian Rift

IF 2.5 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Amdemichael Zafu Tadesse, Gemechu Bedassa, Matthieu Kervyn, Ameha Atnafu Muluneh, Snorri Gudbrandsson, Gezahegn Yirgu, Dereje Ayalew, Karen Fontijn
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye (BBTM) volcanic complex is located at a transitional zone in the Main Ethiopian Rift where tectonic and volcanic features show complex interplays. We mapped and characterised volcanic and tectonic features using high-resolution digital elevation models and performed morphometric and vent spatial distribution analyses. Structural analysis reveals NNE–SSW, NE–SW, and NW–SE trending faults in the region. The dominant post-caldera volcanic landforms are lava domes, pumice cones, scoria cones, maars, obsidian coulees and lava flows, which have distinct morphological characteristics. Vent elongation and alignment highlight close association between these landforms and the caldera(s) as well as with tectonic structures, suggesting these structures acted as the main magma pathways during the BBTM recent eruptions. We estimate that during the entire BBTM post-caldera phase a total bulk volume of 10.9 km3 of material was erupted. This would represent a time-averaged magma flux of 0.05 km3 ky-1 in the BBTM.
埃塞俄比亚主裂谷Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye (BBTM)火山体系岩浆通道的构造控制
Bora-Baricha-Tullu Moye火山杂岩(BBTM)位于埃塞俄比亚主裂谷的过渡带,构造与火山特征相互作用复杂。我们使用高分辨率数字高程模型绘制和描述了火山和构造特征,并进行了形态测量学和通风口空间分布分析。构造分析显示该地区存在NNE-SSW、NE-SW和NW-SE向断裂。破火山口后主要的火山地貌有熔岩穹窿、浮石锥、岩屑锥、岩浆岩、黑曜岩岩浆岩和熔岩流,具有鲜明的形态特征。喷口延伸和排列突出了这些地貌与破火山口以及构造构造之间的密切联系,表明这些构造是BBTM近期喷发的主要岩浆通道。我们估计,在整个BBTM后破火山口阶段,总共喷发了10.9 km3的物质。这表明BBTM的时间平均岩浆通量为0.05 km3 key -1。
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来源期刊
Volcanica
Volcanica Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geology
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
审稿时长
21 weeks
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