Rational Belief, Reflection, and Undercutting Defeat

IF 0.3 0 PHILOSOPHY
Frank Hofmann
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Philosophers disagree about the role of reflection for rationality, understood as the capacity to (properly) respond to genuine, normative reasons. Here, ‘reflection’ means the capacity for self-conscious normative meta-cognition. This article develops and rejects a novel argument – the argument from undercutting defeaters – in favor of the ‘one-level view’ that holds that having the concept of a belief (and of a reason) is necessary for responding to reasons. It will be argued that the ‘two-level view’, which allows for rational subjects that can only non-reflectively respond to reasons, is supported by considerations dealing with the role of responding to reasons for rational action. Rationality is not as unified as the one-level view wants to have it. We start with the non-reflective way of rationally forming beliefs and then grow into the reflective way.
理性信念,反思,和削弱的失败
哲学家们对理性的反思作用存在分歧,理性被理解为(适当地)回应真实的、规范的原因的能力。在这里,“反思”是指自我意识规范性元认知的能力。这篇文章发展并拒绝了一个新颖的论点-来自削弱失败者的论点-支持“单一层次观点”,认为拥有信念(和理由)的概念对于回应理由是必要的。“两层观点”允许理性主体只能对理性做出非反思性反应,它得到了对理性行为的理性反应角色的考虑的支持。理性并不像单一层次的观点所希望的那样统一。我们从理性形成信念的非反思方式开始,然后成长为反思方式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
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