Epidemiology of gastrointestinal bleedings compared in Ukraine and in the Poltava region

Abstract

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding was and remains one of the severe emergency surgical diseases both in Ukraine and in other countries. The study of epidemiology, namely of the prevalence of gastrointestinal bleedings is relevant and will allow to intensify the diagnostic stage and create clearer algorithms for the treatment of this pathology. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of emergency medical care for patients with gastrointestinal bleedings in Ukraine and the Poltava region. A statistical retrospective study of indicators of emergency medical care for patients with gastrointestinal bleedings in Ukraine and the Poltava region was conducted using data from official sources of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The wave-like nature of the increase in hospitalization of patients with gastrointestinal bleedings was observed in Ukraine and the Poltava region. The growth rates obtained as a result of the alignment of the dynamic series gave a clear trend towards the acceleration of the decline of this indicator: from -1.25 to -1.36 in Ukraine; and in the Poltava region before increasing the rate: from 4.85 to 3.62. During the entire studied period, the average level of hospitalization of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after 24 hours was consistently higher in the Poltava region than in Ukraine (in Ukraine – 36.13% versus 43.16% in the Poltava region) (р<0.05). The rate of postoperative mortality in these patients in Ukraine increased (from 5.02% to 6.30%) (р<0.05)with gradual inhibition (the growth rate decreased). In the Poltava region, the level of the indicator exceeded the national level and the leveling of the dynamic series had a downward trend (from 12.4% to 10.38%) (р<0.05). Thus, the problem of gastrointestinal bleeding remains relevant at the present time, as it continues to remain one of the severe urgent surgical diseases, both in Ukraine as a whole and in its individual regions, in particular in the Poltava region. Peptic ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum continues to remain the first nosology that causes gastrointestinal bleeding. Postoperative mortality remains high and ranges from 5% to 12%. The time of hospitalization from the onset of the disease to hospitalization is consistently higher in the Poltava region than in Ukraine (the average level in Ukraine is 36.13% versus 43.16% in Poltava region) (р<0.05).