Grooming reciprocation in Himalayan tahr and the cognitive constraint hypothesis

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI:10.1111/eth.13408

Gabriele Schino, Carola Manzoni, Massimiliano Di Giovanni

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Abstract

The cognitive constraint hypothesis maintains reciprocity is rare among animals because it requires cognitive capabilities that are rare, if not absent, in animals. In particular, it suggests that temporal discounting, limited memory, and limited capability of complex calculations make long-term reciprocation essentially impossible for animals. The cognitive constraint hypothesis therefore predicts that, if reciprocity ever occurs in animals, it should always be immediate. In this study, we tested for long-term reciprocation in Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), a species that is not notable for its advanced cognitive capabilities. We showed that tahr are able to reciprocate grooming over extended time periods, that is, that they groom preferentially those individuals from which they receive more grooming even when all cases of immediate reciprocation are excluded from analysis. These results do not support the cognitive constraint hypothesis. We note the cognitive constraint hypothesis makes two silent assumptions: that all reciprocation is necessarily calculated and that it is based on partner control processes. We suggest these assumptions are unwarranted, and that most group living animals base their ability to reciprocate on emotionally based partner choice.

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喜马拉雅大羚羊的梳理互惠和认知约束假说

认知限制假说认为，互惠在动物中是罕见的，因为它需要的认知能力在动物中即使不是不存在，也是罕见的。特别是，该假说认为，时间折扣、有限的记忆和有限的复杂计算能力使得动物基本上不可能长期互惠。因此，认知约束假说预测，如果互惠发生在动物身上，它应该总是即时的。在这项研究中，我们测试了喜马拉雅泰勒（Hemitragus jemlahicus）的长期互惠行为，喜马拉雅泰勒是一种以高级认知能力著称的物种。我们的结果表明，喜马拉雅驯鹿能够在较长的时间段内互惠地梳理毛发，也就是说，即使在分析中排除了所有即时互惠的情况，喜马拉雅驯鹿也会优先梳理那些它们从其身上获得更多毛发的个体。这些结果并不支持认知约束假说。我们注意到，认知约束假说提出了两个无声的假设：所有的互惠都必然是经过计算的，而且是基于伴侣控制过程的。我们认为这些假设都是没有根据的，大多数群居动物的互惠能力都是基于对伴侣的情感选择。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.