Supernumerary teats in goats

Abstract

Supernumerary or extra teats in ruminants are defined as any teats that exceed the normal number. The presence of five or six teats is not normal in a cow or goat, but it is not unusual. Which of these are extra? It is usually very obvious; sometimes it is helpful to look at the placement, size and sphincter development of all teats to identify normal versus extra. Most additional nipples in goats are "blind"and are not attached to the mammary tissue. An extra nipple is not able to produce milk. Blind teats are often found in pairs. It is not uncommon in cattle or goats to find a pair of "button-like" protrusions on the hindquarters or a few less developed hanging teats next to the functional ones. Causing little more than an unsightly rear udder image, blind teats in a commercial cattle or goat herd are usually not a problem.