Characteristics of Buccal Fat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cultured in Autologous Human Serum- and Fetal Bovine Serum-Supplemented Media: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Objective: The characteristics of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), isolated from buccal fat pads when cultured in media supplemented, with either autologous human serum (AHS group) or fetal bovine serum (FBS group) were compared.Material and Methods: Buccal fat tissue was harvested from six patients, who had undergone surgical removal of their maxillary third molars or underwent orthognathic surgeries. ADSC were isolated from the tissue, via an enzymatic digestion method and cultured in the media of the AHS and FBS groups (n=6/group). Colony forming units-fibroblast (CFU-F), immune-phenotyping markers, growth and multi-differentiation of the cells from both groups were compared.Results:The number of CFU-F and the cell growth of the AHS group were significantly greater than those of the FBS group (p-value<0.05). The expressions of the mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell markers of both groups were not statistically different. The cells of both groups had the potential for adipogenesis, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis when cultured in inductive conditions.Conclusion: The immunophenotype and multi-differentiation of ADSC, which were cultured in AHS- and FBS- media, were not different. However, the AHS medium could support the capacity for forming colonies and growth of the cells better than the FBS medium.