CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS OF ELECTORAL SYSTEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITIES OF THE TYUMEN OBLAST

С. В. Романчук, Р. Л. В. Безуглый
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Abstract

The subject of the article is a comparative analysis of the Russian electoral system’s features currently employed in the Russian regional and municipal elections and the predominantly majoritarian electoral system. At the same time, in our opinion, the domestic practice of the majority electoral system cannot be reduced to describing its advantages, such as effectiveness, objectivity, and the ability to hold elections in a single round. The issue is relevant since the Russian electoral system at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation is unique, with no similar systems in foreign practice. In addition, there are only a few studies devoted to the issue in question, mainly due to the insufficient generalization of empir-ical data. Moreover, data on two-stage elections conducted in Russia via the website of the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation in the section “Elections, referendums, and other forms of direct expression of will” is not published. The article considers the effect of legislative changes and decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the electoral process. The interrelation between the electoral system and features of the current political regime in Russia is identified. According to the authors’ scientific hypothesis, the existing electoral systems mainly support the existing nature of the hybrid political regime. The authors’ idea of the existing nature of the hybrid political regime is tested on the example of members of representative assemblies of three subjects of the Russian Federation, with a conclu-sion provided. Electoral democracy represents such a state when political competition is manageable and the electoral system is favorable for the dominant position of the party in power. The combination of democratic institutes in Russia today has allowed for the formation of the majority of parties in power in the legislative authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the study suggests using an ideal model of the electoral system according to the Russian setting.
以秋明州立法机关为例,讨论选举制度的争议问题
这篇文章的主题是对俄罗斯选举制度的特点进行比较分析,俄罗斯目前采用的选举制度是俄罗斯地区和市政选举和多数选举制度。与此同时,我们认为,多数选举制度的国内实践不能简化为描述其优点,例如有效性、客观性和在单轮选举中举行选举的能力。这个问题是有关的,因为俄罗斯在俄罗斯联邦主体一级的选举制度是独特的,在国外没有类似的制度。此外,针对该问题的研究很少,主要是由于经验数据的泛化不足。此外,俄罗斯联邦中央选举委员会网站“选举、全民公决和其他形式的直接表达意愿”部分没有公布俄罗斯进行的两阶段选举的数据。该条审议了立法改革和俄罗斯联邦宪法法院的决定对选举进程的影响。确定了选举制度与俄罗斯当前政治制度特征之间的相互关系。根据作者的科学假设,现有的选举制度主要支持混合型政治制度的存在性质。作者对混合政治制度现有性质的看法,以俄罗斯联邦三个主体的代议制议会成员为例加以检验,并得出结论。选举民主代表着这样一种状态:政治竞争是可控的,选举制度有利于执政党的主导地位。今天俄罗斯各民主机构的结合使俄罗斯联邦各主体的立法机构中形成了多数执政党。总之,该研究建议根据俄罗斯的情况使用理想的选举制度模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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