Characterisation of South African field Ehrlichia ruminantium using multilocus sequence typing

IF 1.5 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Zinathi Dlamkile, Luis Neves, Darshana Morar-Leather, Christopher Brandt, Alri Pretorius, Helena Steyn, Junita Liebenberg
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Abstract

Heartwater, one of the major tick-borne diseases of some domestic and wild ruminants in Africa, is caused by Ehrlichia ruminantium. The genetic diversity of E. ruminantium isolates renders the available vaccine ineffective against certain virulent isolates. To better understand the E. ruminantium genotypes in South Africa, a total of 1004 Amblyomma hebraeum tick deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples from cattle in three South African provinces were tested by pCS20 Sol1 real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and characterised by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using five housekeeping genes. Out of 1004 samples tested, 222 (22%) were positive for E. ruminantium. The occurrence of E. ruminantium in Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo provinces was 19%, 22% and 27%, respectively. The E. ruminantium positive samples were screened for housekeeping genes and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three main lineages: clade 1 made up of worldwide isolates (eastern, southern Africa, and Caribbean isolates), clade 2 comprised only West African isolates and clade 3 consisted of Omatjenne, Kümm2 and Riverside. Some study sample sequences were not identical to any of the reference isolates. However, they could all be grouped into the worldwide clade. Genetic variation in the sequenced regions was observed in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Using MLST to characterise E. ruminantium field isolates allowed the South African genotypes to be clearly distinguished from the distinct West African isolates.Contribution: Characterisation of E. ruminantium field isolates is important for the control of heartwater and contributes to preliminary knowledge required for the development of a more practical vaccine against heartwater.
南非野外反刍埃利希菌的多位点序列分型鉴定
心水病是非洲一些家养和野生反刍动物的主要蜱传疾病之一,由反刍埃利希菌引起。反刍大肠杆菌分离株的遗传多样性使得现有疫苗对某些毒力强的分离株无效。为了更好地了解南非反刍乳杆菌的基因型,采用pCS20 - Sol1实时聚合酶链反应(qPCR)对来自南非3个省的1004份牛羊蜱脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)样本进行了检测,并利用5个内控基因进行了多位点序列分型(MLST)鉴定。在1004份检测样本中,222份(22%)呈反刍乳杆菌阳性。在姆普马兰加省、夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省和林波波省,反刍乳杆菌的发病率分别为19%、22%和27%。对阳性样品进行管家基因筛选和测序。系统发育分析显示了三个主要谱系:进化枝1由世界各地的分离株(东部、南部非洲和加勒比地区的分离株)组成,进化枝2仅由西非分离株组成,进化枝3由Omatjenne、k mm2和Riverside组成。一些研究样本序列与任何参考分离株不相同。然而,它们都可以归为全球进化支。测序区域的遗传变异以单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)的形式观察到。利用MLST表征反刍大肠杆菌的田间分离株,可以将南非的基因型与西非的分离株明确区分开来。贡献:反刍大肠杆菌野外分离株的特征对控制心水具有重要意义,并有助于开发更实用的心水疫苗所需的初步知识。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, is the official publication of the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. While it considers submissions from any geographic region, its focus is on Africa and the infectious and parasitic diseases and disease vectors that affect livestock and wildlife on the continent.
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