Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Immunoglobulins G and M among Frontline Health Workers in Eleme Local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria

Sotonye L. Gillis-Harry, Beauty E. Echonwere-Uwikor, Evelyn M. Eze
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 Aim: This study aimed at determining the distribution of SARS CoV -2 IgG and IgM among frontline health workers in Eleme Local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria.
 Materials and Methods: A total of 100 frontline Covid-19 health workers were recruited for this study comprising 48 males and 52 females with ages between 23 and 49 years and included janitors, hygienist, nurses, data Officers, logistics and ambulance drivers, physicians, and medical laboratory scientists, working at the molecular laboratories, sample collection booths and isolation center. The bio-data of the subjects were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Only subjects who gave informed consent were recruited for this study. 60ul of capillary blood was collected from each participant using an aseptic technique and immediately followed by the analysis of SAR-CoV-2 IgM and IgG using a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay technique.
 Results: Results from this study showed a total of forty-two (42) 42% subjects were reactive to IgG antibodies while fifty-eight (58) 58% subjects were non-reactive to IgG antibodies also a total of Twenty-One (21) 21% subject were reactive to IgM antibodies while a total of seventy-nine (79) 79% subjects were none reactive to IgM antibodies. A total of nine (9) subjects who were exposed to SAR-CoV-2 for more than one year were reactive to SAR-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies, while a total of two (2) subjects who were exposed to SAR-CoV-2 for less than one year were reactive to SAR-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies and the difference (p ₌ 0.013) was statistically significant. Also, a higher number of subjects within the 20-29 age bracket were reactive to SAR-CoV-2 IgM antibodies while subjects with in the age bracket of 30-39 were more reactive to IgG antibodies.
 Conclusion: This study reveals that serological testing is an ideal approach in assessing the proportion of frontline health workers who might have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 as part of effort in combating COVID-19 disease globally.","PeriodicalId":13659,"journal":{"name":"International Blood Research & Reviews","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Blood Research & Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2023/v14i4320","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract

Background: The fight against Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) globally among front line health workers has been a challenging task, it encompasses working lengthy hours at the isolation Centre’s, intensive care units, emergency departments and molecular laboratories, and also been exposed to pathogens, fatigue, and psychological distress. This has led to high morbidity and mortality rate among front line health workers all over the globe. Aim: This study aimed at determining the distribution of SARS CoV -2 IgG and IgM among frontline health workers in Eleme Local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 frontline Covid-19 health workers were recruited for this study comprising 48 males and 52 females with ages between 23 and 49 years and included janitors, hygienist, nurses, data Officers, logistics and ambulance drivers, physicians, and medical laboratory scientists, working at the molecular laboratories, sample collection booths and isolation center. The bio-data of the subjects were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Only subjects who gave informed consent were recruited for this study. 60ul of capillary blood was collected from each participant using an aseptic technique and immediately followed by the analysis of SAR-CoV-2 IgM and IgG using a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay technique. Results: Results from this study showed a total of forty-two (42) 42% subjects were reactive to IgG antibodies while fifty-eight (58) 58% subjects were non-reactive to IgG antibodies also a total of Twenty-One (21) 21% subject were reactive to IgM antibodies while a total of seventy-nine (79) 79% subjects were none reactive to IgM antibodies. A total of nine (9) subjects who were exposed to SAR-CoV-2 for more than one year were reactive to SAR-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies, while a total of two (2) subjects who were exposed to SAR-CoV-2 for less than one year were reactive to SAR-Cov-2 IgM and IgG antibodies and the difference (p ₌ 0.013) was statistically significant. Also, a higher number of subjects within the 20-29 age bracket were reactive to SAR-CoV-2 IgM antibodies while subjects with in the age bracket of 30-39 were more reactive to IgG antibodies. Conclusion: This study reveals that serological testing is an ideal approach in assessing the proportion of frontline health workers who might have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 as part of effort in combating COVID-19 disease globally.
尼日利亚河流州Eleme地方政府一线卫生工作者中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)免疫球蛋白G和M的分布
背景:在全球范围内,一线卫生工作者与冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的斗争是一项具有挑战性的任务,他们需要在隔离中心、重症监护室、急诊科和分子实验室长时间工作,还要面对病原体、疲劳和心理困扰。这导致了全球一线卫生工作者的高发病率和高死亡率。目的:本研究旨在确定尼日利亚河流州Eleme地方政府一线卫生工作者中SARS CoV -2 IgG和IgM的分布情况。材料与方法:本研究共招募了100名一线Covid-19卫生工作者,其中男性48名,女性52名,年龄在23至49岁之间,包括在分子实验室、样本采集室和隔离中心工作的门卫、卫生员、护士、数据官、后勤和救护车司机、医生和医学实验室科学家。使用结构良好的问卷获得受试者的生物数据。只有给予知情同意的受试者才被招募参加这项研究。采用无菌技术采集每位参与者的毛细血管血液60ul,随后立即采用侧流免疫层析分析技术分析sars - cov -2 IgM和IgG。 结果:本研究结果显示,共有42(42)42%的受试者对IgG抗体有反应,58(58)58%的受试者对IgG抗体无反应,21(21)21%的受试者对IgM抗体有反应,79(79)79%的受试者对IgM抗体无反应。sars - cov -2暴露1年以上的共有9(9)名受试者对sars - cov -2 IgM和IgG抗体出现反应,暴露1年以下的共有2(2)名受试者对sars - cov -2 IgM和IgG抗体出现反应,差异有统计学意义(p值为0.013)。此外,20-29岁年龄组的受试者对sars - cov -2 IgM抗体反应性较高,而30-39岁年龄组的受试者对IgG抗体反应性较高。 结论:本研究表明,在全球抗击COVID-19疾病的努力中,血清学检测是评估可能接触过SARS-CoV-2的一线卫生工作者比例的理想方法。
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