Land use decouples parasite–metazoan host biodiversity associations in soils across subtropical and temperate zones in China

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI:10.1111/geb.13758

Zhi-Peng Li, Stefan Geisen, Hua-Yuan Shangguan, Alexei V. Tiunov, Stefan Scheu, Yong-Guan Zhu, Xin Sun

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Aim

Soils harbour a large number of unicellular eukaryotic parasites of metazoans, particularly Apicomplexa. Apicomplexan distribution, their associations with hosts, and impacts of human-dominated land use are little studied. We aimed to fill this gap by a biodiversity survey across large spatial scales.

Location

China.

Time period

May to September 2021.

Major taxa studied

Soil Apicomplexa and Metazoa

Methods

We used metabarcoding to investigate the biogeography of and links between Apicomplexa and soil Metazoa in three human-dominated ecosystem types (farmlands, residential areas and parks) and more natural forest ecosystems across subtropical, warm-temperate and mid-temperate climatic regions in China.

Results

Human-dominated land use indirectly reduced apicomplexan taxon richness by reducing metazoan taxon richness. However, the richness reduction of parasites was generally more pronounced in subtropical and mid-temperate regions than in the warm-temperate region. Mechanisms driving the richness reduction of parasites also differed between climatic regions, with the reduction in the subtropical region less related to the decrease in metazoan richness than in the mid-temperate region. Human-dominated ecosystems reduced richness associations between parasites and Metazoa, and this disrupted the cascading effect of climatic factors from metazoan to parasite communities. Moreover, co-occurrence analyses showed that metazoan taxa more abundant in human-dominated land-use systems with dryer and hotter conditions were less likely associated with apicomplexan taxa.

Main conclusions

We conclude that decreased host taxon richness is an important, but not the only driver of reduced parasite taxon richness in soil systems. Apicomplexan richness was largely decoupled from metazoan richness in human-dominated ecosystems, which emphasizes the important role of human activities in rewiring fundamental ecological patterns with global change. Overall, the results advance our understanding of principle characteristics of and interactions in soil communities, and their response to human activities, especially agriculture and urbanization.

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中国亚热带和温带土壤中寄生虫-后生动物寄主生物多样性关联的土地利用解耦

目的土壤中含有大量的后生动物单细胞真核寄生虫，尤其是顶复合体。顶复合体的分布、与寄主的关系以及人类主导的土地利用的影响研究甚少。我们的目标是通过大空间尺度的生物多样性调查来填补这一空白。位置中国。时间:2021年5月至9月。方法利用元条形码技术，研究了亚热带3种人类主导的生态系统类型(农田、居民区和公园)和更多的天然林生态系统中土壤顶复合体和土壤后生动物的生物地理特征及其联系。中国的暖温带和中温带气候区。结果人类主导的土地利用通过降低后生动物的分类丰富度间接降低了顶复合体的分类丰富度。然而，寄生虫丰富度的减少在亚热带和中温带地区比在暖温带地区更为明显。驱动寄生虫丰富度减少的机制也因气候区域而异，亚热带地区的减少与后生动物丰富度减少的关系小于中温带地区。人类主导的生态系统减少了寄生虫和后生动物之间的丰富度联系，这破坏了气候因素从后生动物到寄生虫群落的级联效应。此外，共现分析表明，在干旱和高温条件下，人类主导的土地利用系统中，后生动物类群数量较多，顶复类群较少。结论寄主分类丰富度降低是土壤系统中寄生虫分类丰富度降低的重要驱动因素，但不是唯一驱动因素。在人类主导的生态系统中，顶复体丰富度与后生动物丰富度在很大程度上分离，这强调了人类活动在全球变化中重塑基本生态格局的重要作用。总的来说，这些结果促进了我们对土壤群落的基本特征和相互作用的理解，以及它们对人类活动，特别是农业和城市化的响应。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.