Epidemiology of low back pain: frequency, risk factors, and patterns in South-South Nigeria.

IF 1.4 Q3 RHEUMATOLOGY

Reumatologia Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI:10.5114/reum/173377

Airenakho Emorinken, Cyril Oshomah Erameh, Blessyn Omoye Akpasubi, Mercy Ofunami Dic-Ijiewere, Asuwemhe Johnson Ugheoke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition that poses significant public health challenges. However, its epidemiology in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural settings, remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of LBP in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.

Material and methods: This was a retrospective review of the records of all LBP cases seen at the rheumatology clinic from 2018 to 2022 in a Teaching Hospital in South-South Nigeria. The sociodemographic and clinical data, including disability scores, was extracted from the patients' medical records. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25, and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: Among 1,580 patients, 319 (20.2%) reported LBP. The mean age was 59.51 ±10.21, and the peak age incidence was 51-60 years. Low back pain was more prevalent in females (61.4%). Work-related factors (47.3%) such as heavy lifting (26.3%), prolonged sitting (19.4%), and poor posture (27.9%) were the prominent risk factors. Sedentary behavior (11.5%) and obesity (16.9%) contributed. Common clinical manifestations included difficulty standing or bending (73%), walking difficulties (67.7%), sleep disturbances (51.4%), and radicular pain (45.8%). Common etiologies were spondylosis (66.5%), spondylolisthesis (22.3%), disc prolapse (19.4%), spinal canal stenosis (15.4%), muscle spasm (12.2%), and tuberculous spondylitis (9.7%). Acute and chronic LBP constituted 12.2% and 79.9% of cases, respectively. In terms of disability, 33.5% had minimal, 44.5% had moderate, 15.4% had severe, and 6.6% had crippling disabilities.

Conclusions: Mechanical causes were the most implicated in LBP. Work-related factors and lifestyle choices contribute to the occurrence of LBP. Adjusting posture and lifestyle modification reduces LBP risk. Understanding its epidemiology is crucial for optimizing care and implementing preventive strategies.

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尼日利亚南南腰痛的流行病学:频率、危险因素和模式

简介:腰痛(LBP)是一种常见的肌肉骨骼疾病，对公共卫生构成重大挑战。然而，其在撒哈拉以南非洲的流行病学，特别是农村地区的流行病学在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究旨在了解尼日利亚某教学医院腰痛的流行病学。材料和方法:本研究回顾性分析了尼日利亚南南一家教学医院2018年至2022年风湿病门诊所有LBP病例的记录。从患者的医疗记录中提取社会人口学和临床数据，包括残疾评分。数据采用IBM SPSS version 25进行分析，显著性水平设为p < 0.05。结果:1580例患者中，319例(20.2%)报告腰痛。平均年龄59.51±10.21岁，51 ~ 60岁为发病高峰。腰痛在女性中更为普遍(61.4%)。与工作有关的因素(47.3%)，例如举重(26.3%)、久坐(19.4%)和不良姿势(27.9%)是主要的危险因素。久坐行为(11.5%)和肥胖(16.9%)是原因之一。常见的临床表现包括站立或弯曲困难(73%)、行走困难(67.7%)、睡眠障碍(51.4%)和神经根痛(45.8%)。常见病因为颈椎病(66.5%)、脊柱滑脱(22.3%)、椎间盘突出(19.4%)、椎管狭窄(15.4%)、肌肉痉挛(12.2%)和结核性脊柱炎(9.7%)。急性和慢性腰痛分别占12.2%和79.9%。在残疾方面，33.5%为轻度残疾，44.5%为中度残疾，15.4%为重度残疾，6.6%为严重残疾。结论:机械原因与腰痛最相关。与工作有关的因素和生活方式的选择有助于腰痛的发生。调整姿势和改变生活方式可降低腰痛风险。了解其流行病学对优化护理和实施预防战略至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reumatologia Medicine-Rheumatology

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks