Kriptovalute kao novi izazov zaštite potrošača

Abstract

The functioning of the virtual currency market, which has been developing for more than a decade, raises questions about the risks of their use. These risks are related to the specific technological infrastructure on which they are based, financial stability, public order, as well as the interests of users involved in transactions. This paper points out the basic elements of the legal nature of cryptocurrencies, as a special form of virtual property. In order to better understand the risks of using cryptocurrencies as forms of virtual currencies, it is necessary to point out the difference between different forms of virtual assets. The legal risks of their use are not yet covered by a standardized legal framework, although at the global level there are initiatives that primarily relate to preventing the use of virtual currency schemes for money laundering and terrorist financing purposes. Cryptocurrency trading is completely or partially banned in some countries. Governments have not yet developed a clear regulatory strategy, but there is a tendency to introduce registration or licensing procedures for certain intermediaries. The paper provides a brief overview of different approaches to cryptocurrency market regulation, with a special focus on the activities of central banks and financial supervisors aimed at protecting consumers as individuals who do not have the status of professional investors.