Scheduling fuel cell electric vehicles as power plants in a community microgrid

Abstract

This paper presents a community microgrid with renewable generation, storage, and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) that are used when renewable sources are scarce. To fairly distribute the demand for FCEV power among cars, a Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) power scheduling mechanism is implemented using as a criterion the number of times every car has been started up for power generation. It can be concluded that with the fair scheduling mechanism the system can be self sufficient most of the months. At the end of a year, this results in a bell-shaped distribution of the number of start-ups per car and in using, on average, each FCEV about three times per week.