The Modeling of the Apatite Nanocrystals of Bone, Illustrating its Physicochemical Evolution and Surface Reactivity

Abstract

This study intends to present a review of the different types of ceramic-polymeric nanocomposites. Nanocomposites have been shown to be ideal bioactive materials due the many biological interfaces and structures operating at the nanoscale. Polymer - ceramic nanocomposite systems are particularly interesting as they can be closer to bone in terms of its constitution which is mostly an intricate combination of two phases at the nano-level: hydroxyapatite and collagen. The present article has as its main goal to analyze the most recent reported studies based on polymer-ceramic nanocomposites produced for bone replacement and regeneration. The present information about the in vivo and in vitro studie s that have been performed and their contribution for the development of an ideal nanocomposite material to be used in bone. Structural, morphology, micrograph and chemical composition of this nanocrystalline composites were characterized by XRD, AFM, SEM and FTIR, respectively.