Cross-layer Architecture of a Distributed OS for Ad Hoc Networks

P. Janacik, T. Heimfarth
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Despite the advances in wireless, energy-constrained ad hoc networks, there are still many challenges due to the limited capabilities of the current hardware. Therefore, our aim is to develop a lightweight, yet powerful operating system (OS) for such networks. We reject the brute force method of provisioning all necessary OS services at each node of the system. Instead, in our approach, services provided by the OS organise autonomously to achieve an efficient distribution over the network. In order to enable the use of our OS in energy- and hardware-constrained networks, we argue that it is necessary that all layers of the system are designed to cooperate within a cross-layer approach. At the link layer, our contribution includes an emergent topology control protocol taking into account node and network properties enabling the division of roles between nodes. Further, we employ a combined link metric based on signal strength, success rate, and history to enable a more realistic link quality assessment and pheromone adjustments in routing. At the network layer, to avoid costly reorganisation after role changes incurred by topology control, we use a fuzzy distinction between nodes with different roles by adding a role-based component to the probabilistic next-hop selection function of ant colony routing. At the highest level of our approach, we propose a short- and a long-range migration method for OS service states, based solely on local information and autonomous decisions, to improve the overall quality of service, fairness, balance, predictability, and reduce communication overhead. In ns-2 simulations, we demonstrate improvements of quality of service of 80 % and load balancing of 200 to 400 %
面向Ad Hoc网络的分布式操作系统的跨层架构
尽管在无线、能量受限的自组织网络方面取得了进步,但由于当前硬件的有限能力,仍然存在许多挑战。因此,我们的目标是为这样的网络开发一个轻量级但功能强大的操作系统(OS)。我们拒绝在系统的每个节点上提供所有必要的操作系统服务的暴力方法。相反,在我们的方法中,操作系统提供的服务自主组织,以实现网络上的有效分布。为了使我们的操作系统能够在能源和硬件受限的网络中使用,我们认为有必要将系统的所有层设计为在跨层方法中进行合作。在链路层,我们的贡献包括一个紧急拓扑控制协议,该协议考虑了节点和网络属性,支持节点之间的角色划分。此外,我们采用基于信号强度、成功率和历史的组合链路度量,以实现更现实的链路质量评估和路由中的信息素调整。在网络层,为了避免拓扑控制导致角色变化后的重组成本,我们在蚁群路由的概率下一跳选择函数中添加基于角色的组件,对具有不同角色的节点进行模糊区分。在我们的方法的最高级别,我们提出了一种短期和长期的OS服务状态迁移方法,仅基于本地信息和自主决策,以提高服务的整体质量、公平性、平衡性、可预测性,并减少通信开销。在ns-2仿真中,我们证明了服务质量提高了80%,负载均衡提高了200%到400%
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