Breast Cancer Detection Using Patch Antenna

Abstract

In women gender, the highest universal tumor is breast cancer. After lung cancer, breast cancer is more fatal among women. Each year, a massive number of women are affected by breast cancer. Breast cancer is detected by conventional methods such X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and biopsies. Early detection of breast tumour is vital since the progress of breast cancer is crucial for accurate and effective therapy. The exact location and size of the tumour is to be found for the effective therapy in women. Medical procedures have some disadvantages when dealing with the human body. This project uses HFSS software to make two different shapes of breast phantoms, a Microstrip patch antenna in the transmission side, and a Microstrip patch antenna to detect the existence of a malignant tumour in the receiving side. It was decided to create two Microstrip patch antennas, one of which would serve as the transmitter and the other will act as the reception of the electromagnetic waves. Using HFSS software, the breast structure with and without a tumour was produced based on the predefined parameters. Between the receiving and transmitting Microstrip patch antennas lies the breast structure. The nondestructive examination of the biological tissue is possible with this imaging because microwaves are non-ionizing and are less harmful while comparing with the existing techniques available in the real-world scenario. Microwave imaging can precisely pinpoint the location and size of the tumour because the tumour is extremely small in the early stages of breast cancer. Microwave frequency shall be used to detect the tumour since their conductivity and permittivity values will vary while comparing the normal and healthy breast tissues with a human breast tissue that is infected by cancer. Patients don't experience any health problems during this tumour detection procedure because the energy absorbed by the breast while using a Microstrip patch antenna is very modest.