Features of immune state and characteristics of parameters indicating immune resistance disorders in workers engaged into chromium ores extraction

Abstract

The study covered immune state of workers on enterprise extracting and processing chromium ores, with length of service under and over 5 years. The workers (length of mining service over 5 years) demonstrated changes in cellular immunity: increased expression of T-cell receptors (СD16+56+, СD3+СD 95+), high level of fetal proteins (cancer-embryonic antigen, CA–19–9), hypersensitivity in criterion of IgE specific to chromium. Findings are suppressed apoptotic processes characterized by low levels of proteins involved in bcl–2, bax transcription and deficiency of expression of TNFR receptor (length of mining service over 5 years). The examinees with short length of service (under 5 years) demonstrated activation of immune response during first years of exposure to chromium ores at work. Cellular immunity was characterized by adaptation processes with increased parameters (СD127-, bcl–2, baх, TNFR) participating mostly in cell death. According to the study results, the recommendations are control diagnostic measures for workers engaged into chromium ores extraction and processing (once per year), that include monitoring of apoptotic (CD127-, bcl–2, baх, TNFR) and fetal (CA 19–9, cancer-embryonic antigen) proteins, IgE to chromium — which should serve as parameters indicating malignancies and allergy for length of service over 5 years in this enterprise.