The conceptual system of Russian didactics in the limelight of subject orientation of modern education

Abstract

This article examines the conceptual system of didactics in the conditions of integration of the modern scientific knowledge. An attempt is made to determine the method for overcoming the current deficit of specific didactic concepts, which reflect the essence and peculiarities of the subject of didactics in the conditions of dynamically changing characteristic of the object of study – the learning process that acquires fundamentally new value and performance goals. The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that the use of solely psychological methods for description and explanation of the new phenomena of learning process, substantiated by the subject context of its consideration, contradicts the subject of didactics, which should focus not on the psychological mechanisms that characterize subjectivity, but on answering the question of what needs to be done for the students to take subjective position in the course of their educational activity. The scientific novelty consists in substantiation of the variant of broadening the conceptual system of modern didactics through introduction of the new didactic concept that aligns with the specifics of its subject – student's subjective learning experience. The introduction of this concept reflects the trend that is important for the current stage of the development of didactics – shift to a fundamentally new level that corresponds with post-nonclassical type of scientific rationality, when unlike previous approaches that focused on the educational activity of the pedagogue, who organizes and maintains learning activity of the student, central figure in didactic problematic is the student and their educational activity,