KEBERHASILAN MASKULINISASI DAN KINERJA REPRODUKSI IKAN GAPI, Poecilia reticulata DIBERI EKSTRAK SERBUK SARI PINUS MELALUI PAKAN

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas suplementasi ekstrak serbuk sari pinus melalui pakan terhadap maskulinisasi dan kinerja reproduksi ikan gapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan, yaitu meliputi suplementasi 10 mg ekstrak serbuk sari pinus per kg pakan (SSP10), 50 mg kg-1 pakan (SSP50), 250 mg kg-1 pakan (SSP250), 1 mg 17b-metiltestosteron per kg pakan sebagai kontrol positif (MT atau kontrol-2), dan perlakuan tanpa suplementasi ekstrak serbuk sari pinus (kontrol-1). Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah induk gapi bunting diberi pakan perlakuan selama 15 hari dan dipelihara sampai anak kelahiran pertama (B1) dan kedua (B2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak serbuk sari pinus mampu meningkatkan persentase nisbah kelamin jantan pada B1, namun tidak pada B2. Suplementasi ekstrak serbuk sari pinus pada induk bunting tidak memengaruhi kinerja reproduksi. Persentase nisbah kelamin jantan B1 pada perlakuan SSP50 dan SSP250 tidak berbeda nyata, secara berurutan 63,9% dan 66,4%; tetapi keduanya lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol-1 (31,3%); namun masih lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan MT (81,9%) (P<0,05). Perlakuan MT pada B2 memiliki nisbah kelamin jantan tertinggi (48,4%) dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05). Suplementasi ekstrak serbuk sari pinus melalui pakan efektif dalam meningkatkan persentasi nisbah kelamin jantan ikan gapi pada dosis 50 mg kg-1. Ekstrak serbuk sari pinus dapat digunakan untuk maskulinisasi ikan gapi.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pine pollen extract supplementation through feed on masculinization and reproductive performance of guppy. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments with three replications. The treatments were the supplementation of pine pollen extract of 10 mg kg-1 of feed (SSP10), 50 mg kg-1 of feed (SSP50), and 250 mg kg-1 of feed (SSP250). Control treatments consisted of the supplementation of 1 mg 17b-methyltestosterone per kg of feed as a positive control (MT or control-2), and without supplementation pine pollen extract in feed (control-1). The test fish used were livebearer guppy brooders. The test fish were given treatment feed for 15 days and continued until the first (B1) and second (B2) offsprings were born. This study showed that the administration of pine pollen extract in feed was able to increase the percentage of male sex ratio in B1, but not in B2. Supplementation of pine pollen extract did not affect the tested fish’s reproductive performance. The percentages of male sex ratio B1 in the SSP50 and SSP250 treatments were not significantly different, 63.9% and 66.4%, respectively. Despite that, both treatments had a higher male sex ratio than control-1 (31.3%), yet lower than the MT treatment (81.9%) (P<0.05). The MT treatment at B2 had the highest male sex ratio (48.4%) and was significantly different from the other treatments (P<0.05). Supplementation of pine pollen extract through feed at a dose of 50 mg kg-1 effectively increased the male sex ratio of guppy. Pine pollen extract can be used for the masculinization of guppy.