Clinical and hormonal features of adolescent girls with primary and secondary oligomenorrhea

Abstract

The objective was to provide a comparative characteristic of clinical and hormonal parameters in secondary and primary oligomenorrhea (OM II and OM I) in adolescent girls. Materials and methods. A total of 185 girls with OM aged 13—17 years (142 with OM I and 43 with OM II) and 107 girls with a regular menstrual cycle (regMС — comparison group (CG)) were examined. We analyzed clinical and anamnestic indicators, data of ultrasound of the pelvic organs, LH, FSH, estradiol, and testosterone levels. Results and discussion. Family history of impaired function of the reproductive system in girls with OM II were less likely than with OM I (12.5 vs. 25.8 %; рφ < 0.002). Mothers of girls with OM gave birth more often at an early reproductive age than in CG (14.5 and 4.9 %; рφ < 0.001). Delayed menarche (15 years and later) with OM I was 5 times more frequent than in CG (24,1 vs 4,7 %; рφ< 0,001), while in OM II its frequency did not differ significantly from CG. Normal body mass index (BMI) in OM was less frequent than in women with reg MС (40.8 and 72.2 %, pφ < 0.001). In OM II, uterine hypoplasia was less common than in OM I (38.5 and 53.9 %; pφ < 0.05). Hypogonadotropinemia was more frequent with OM II than with OM I (21.6 versus 4.3 %; рφ < 0.001), and an increase in blood testosterone levels was more common with OM I than with OM II (24.1 versus 5.6  %; рφ < 0.01). Restoration of menstrual dysfunction was more frequent with OM II than with OM I (79.5 versus 63.4 %; рφ < 0.03). Conclusions . OM I is characterized by delayed menarche, hypoplasia of the uterus, family history of impaired function of the reproductive system and increased testosterone levels. OM II is associated with lack of stable normalization of menstrual function, marked hirsutism and hypogonadotropinemia.