Leptospirosis Ditinjau dari Aspek Mikrobiologi

Ika Ningsih, Mardiastuti H Wahid
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Abstract

Leptospirosis is an acute infectious disease in humans caused by Leptospira sp. This disease is classified as a zoonosis that usually occurs during the flood and is commonly transmitted through rat urine. Leptospirosis occurs through humans contact with animals or the environment that have been contaminated by Leptospira. There are wide spectrum clinical manifestations of leptospirosis varying from self-limited to severe disease. Leptospira commonly enters human body  through conjunctiva or injured skin, food or beverage contaminated with urine’s rat containing Leptospira. This disease is very difficult to be distinguished from other diseases such as meningitis, malaria, dengue fever, hepatitis and enteric fever. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis are nonspecific and due to the difficulties in conforming  the diagnosis so that resulted to the misdiagnosis of this disease. Microbiological examination is done by Rapid Diagnostic Test, Microscopic Agglutination Test, Polymerase Chain Reaction test and others. Prevention can be done by inhibiting the entry of Leptospira to human body via implementing clean and healthy life and surrounding environment.
从微生物学角度看钩端螺旋体病
钩端螺旋体病是一种由钩端螺旋体引起的人类急性传染病。这种疾病被归类为人畜共患病,通常在洪水期间发生,通常通过大鼠尿液传播。钩端螺旋体病是通过人类接触被钩端螺旋体污染的动物或环境而发生的。钩端螺旋体病有广泛的临床表现,从自限性到重症不等。钩端螺旋体通常通过结膜或受伤的皮肤、被含有钩端螺旋体的尿液污染的食物或饮料进入人体。这种疾病很难与脑膜炎、疟疾、登革热、肝炎和肠道热等其他疾病区分开来。钩端螺旋体病的临床症状无特异性,且由于诊断困难,导致该病的误诊。微生物学检查包括快速诊断试验、显微凝集试验、聚合酶链反应试验等。预防可以通过实施清洁健康的生活和周围环境来抑制钩端螺旋体进入人体。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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