PERTURBATIONS OF IL-10 LEVELS IN THE HYPOPHARYNGEAL CANCER: AN UPDATE

Abstract

Hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is a disease in which malignant cancer cells accumulated in the tissues of the hypopharynx. Certain viruses are known to exert a significant impact on hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis; however, numerous other factors thought to influence its tumor proliferation and metastasis. Among numerous factors, Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a prominent anti-inflammatory agent known to evade the immune system via an immunosuppressive condition. Role of IL-10 in the neoplasm is still debatable and inadequately comprehended, but it is one of the many cytokines involved in the growth and maintenance of cancer. In the present review, we explored and highlighted the dual role of IL-10, its secretion level in HPC sufferers, and its role in metastasis and development. We examined the literature focusing on the research that looked into the IL-10 secretion level in the serum and tissues related to the HPC individuals. The advanced clinical stage of hypopharyngeal neoplasm is on the rise and concurrently associated with IL-10 levels. The existing research on IL-10 related to HPC showed differential effects and hence, no clear inference can be attained. The discrepancies observed could be related to variations in sample selection-plasma, tissue, or serum, and differences in assays, variable stage of cancer, comorbidities etc.Although, the higher likelihood of IL-10 detection linked to more advanced tumor stages does imply that the tumor is at least partially attributable to the IL-10 perturbations. This finding still has to be verified by prospective studies on cancer patients in various stages, but the available data are convincing enough to support a viable working theory.