Platelet binding to lymphocytes and platelet activation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Abstract

Background: A condition known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is caused by the creation of multiple autoantibodies targeting various biological components, which may impact many cells, tissues, and organs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of platelet-lymphocyte binding and platelet activation in pathogenesis of SLE, clarifying their relationship to the clinical and laboratory characteristics of individuals with SLE. Methods: This case-control work was performed on 30 individuals, their age was more than 18 years old, with clinical criteria of SLE, divided into SLE patient group and control health group. Each participant was exposed to flow cytometric analysis of the peripheral blood samples to detect lymphocytes bound to platelets and Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of serum, to evaluate the concentrations of soluble cluster of differentiation 40 ligand (sCD40L) and the concentrations of interleukin 10 (IL-10). Results: A substantial elevation was existed in the percentage of lymphocyte bound platelets (CD19+CD41a+ lymphocytes and CD3+CD41a+ lymphocytes), sCD40L level and IL10 level in individuals with SLE contrasted to controls. The percentage of lymphocyte bound platelets, sCD40L and IL10 expressed a significant increase in SLE patients who had hematuria and positive anti-dsDNA compared to SLE patients without hematuria and negative anti-dsDNA. Both sCD40L and IL10 had a substantial positive association with each other and with CD19+CD41a+ lymphocytes, CD3+CD41a+ lymphocytes, and albumin to creatinine ratio, SLEDAI, creatinine and urea, while they had a significant negative correlation with C3, C4, hemoglobin, platelets and leucocytic count. CD19+CD41a+ lymphocytes and CD3+CD41a+ lymphocytes had a substantial positive association with each other and with sCD40L, IL10, albumin to creatinine ratio, SLEDAI, creatinine and urea, while they had a substantial negative association with C3, C4 and platelets. Moreover, CD3+CD41a+ lymphocytes had a substantial negative association with leucocytic count. Conclusions: SLE patients had a substantial elevation in lymphocytes bound platelets contrasted to the healthy control group.