Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Comprehensive Spinal Muscle Training Protocol with and without Functional Electrical Stimulation in Elderly with Functional Kyphosis

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a comprehensive spinal muscle training protocol with and without functional electrical stimulation in elderly with functional kyphosis. Materials and Methods: 45 women and men with functional hyperkyphosis (kyphosis angle equal to or greater than 40 degrees) were randomly divided into three equal groups of control, and comprehensive spinal muscle training protocol with and without functional electrical stimulation. Before and after workouts, all the subjects were evaluated for kyphosis angle (using X-ray Cobb). Then, they did the exercises for eight weeks, three sessions of 45 minutes per week with and without functional electrical stimulation. Data were analyzed using paired-t and analysis of covariance tests to evaluate the in-group and inter-group differences. Results: There was a significant difference in the angle of kyphosis between the comprehensive spinal muscle training protocol with and without functional electrical stimulation compared to control group (P < 0.050). In addition, there was no significant difference in the angle of kyphosis between the groups with and without electrical stimulation (P ≥ 0.050). Conclusion: According to our findings, comprehensive spinal muscle training protocol can improve kyphosis angle and prevent the kyphosis complications in elderly patients; it can be used along with other treatment programs.