TRAINING FUTURE TEACHERS TO USE PROJECT TECHNOLOGY IN THE TEACHING OF NATURAL SCIENCES

Abstract

The article reveals the essence and significance of project technology in the teaching of natural sciences in the New Ukrainian school, actualizes the problem of training future teachers to use project technology in the teaching of natural sciences. It is determined that the project method is a learning technology focused not on the integration of factual knowledge, but on their use and acquisition of new knowledge and skills (sometimes through self-education) in the process of performing practical tasks. The article describes the features of projects and their types. Emphasis is placed on educational projects provided by the school curriculum in natural subjects (physics, chemistry, biology). It has been found that the features of project technology are action-oriented, teamwork, self-organization of students, situational orientation, correlation with real life, reliance on previous achievements of each student, their existing experience, interdisciplinary, integrity, focus on the finished product, and a certain result. The main stages of project implementation in general secondary education institutions are analyzed (initiation, work planning, project implementation, project presentation, project reflection, evaluation of results). The advantages of project technology are established: stimulation of students’ independent activity, improvement of information retrieval skills, intensification of research and creative activity of schoolchildren, provision of students’ need for self-realization and self-development, the practical significance of work results, a real result. Sciences allow them not only to acquire new knowledge, to understand the interdisciplinary links in science education, to improve design skills, but also to learn to methodically organize the project activities of pupils and perform interdisciplinary learning projects. That is, the preparation of future science teachers for the application of project technology in professional activities is a mandatory component of their professional training in a higher education institution.