" Technical Plan for The Construction of a Water Reservoir on The River Tur Before The First World War and Establishment of a Hydometry Network for Hydrological Studies."

Abstract

In the middle of the 19th century, comprehensive river regulation and flood control works began on the entire lowland section of the Tisza/Tisa River. Soon, a number of water development plans were made for the catchment area of one of the tributaries, the River Túr/Tur. Plans outlining several technical alternatives have been prepared for the purpose of flood drainage, inland water drainage and water utilization. The implementation of the plans took place over decades, with construction started in 1914 interrupted due to the outbreak of World War I (Túr-Tisza branch channel). Most of the water facilities in the lower Hungarian section of the Túr River were built between 1926 and 1930 according to revised plans. The flood defense embankments on the Romanian river section were built in 1956-1957 and were further developed after the catastrophic floods of 1970, with half a dozen pumping stations set up to transfer the inland waters to the receiving area. Between 1972 and 1974, the Călineşti-Oaş dam and water reservoir were built. In our paper we describe the technical plans developed by the River Engineering Office in Szatmárnémeti (Satu Mare) at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century for the regulation of the Túr river. We present the findings of the technical review of the plan and the calculations made for the water supply of the reservoir. We describe the development of the hydrometric network necessary for the foundation of hydrological calculations. When writing the paper, we used the technical documentation in the Upper Tisza Region Water Historical Collection in Nyíregyháza, which has not been published so far.