Royal Jelly and Human Interferon-Alpha (HuIFN-αN3) Affect Proliferation, Glutathione Level, and Lipid Peroxidation in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro

Abstract

The purpose was to investigate the influence of RJ-F(M), 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid and HuIFN- α N3 on the proliferation of CaCo-2 cells and ascertain their effects on intracellular glutathione level and lipid peroxidation. The antiproliferative (AP) activity of RJ-F (M) (0.1 g/10 mL PBS), HuIFN- α N3 (1000 IU mL −1 ), 10-HDA (100.0 μmol L −1 ) and their combinations, in the ratios 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 on CaCo-2 cells were measured. Single RJ-F (M) had a low AP activity: 2.0 (0.5 mg mL −1 ). HuIFN- α N3 had an AP activity of 2.5 (208.33 IU mL −1 ), while 10-HDA had an AP activity of 1.5 (37.5 μmol mL −1 ). AP activity of 3.8 was obtained when RJ-F(M) and HuIFN- α N3 were in the ratio 2:1. In it, the level of GSH was 24.9 ± 2.4 nmol g −3 of proteins (vs. 70.2 ± 3.2 nmol g −3 in the control), and level of MDA was 72.3 ± 3.1 nmol g −3 (vs. 23.6 ± 9.1 nmol g −3 in the control). 10-HDA, together with HuIFN- α N3, is responsible for the inhibition of CaCo-2 cell proliferation in vitro . RJ-F (M) and HuIFN- α N3 applied at 2:1 decreased level of GSH and increased lipid peroxidation via MDA in CaCo-2 cells. Future studies are needed whether these GSH- and MDA-related activities of RJ-F (M), HuIFN- α N3, 10-HDA, and their combinations may decrease the tumorigenicity index and tumorigenic potential of tumor cells in vitro