Legal problems of technology transfer in Russia

Abstract

The concept of “technology transfer” has many meanings. In a number of cases, the content of this term is narrowed down to issues of turnover of rights to the results of intellectual activity, in others, the content of the term is expanded to any form of knowledge transfer, production methods, material carriers to a wide range of users. Technology transfer is one of the integral components of modern scientific and technological progress. In the light of constitutional norms on guarantees of unity of economic space, freedom of technical activity, and protection of intellectual property by law, the problem of legal regulation of relations on the transfer of rights to technology seems to be relevant. The importance of the development of technology transfer in the context of the transition to an innovative and sustainable economy has long been recognized at the level of public policy, it is dictated by the needs of market participants and representatives of the scientific infrastructure. The export of technology is of special national interest. At the same time, this is a priority of the state innovation policy of the Russian Federation. In conditions of the economic crisis, the innovation system and the legislation of Russia should solve the issues of ensuring the output of domestic innovative technologies to world markets. The scientific novelty of the research is the rationale for developing the problems of the legal regulation of technology transfer in Russia. In particular, we would like to mention the following: a legislative definition of the concept “technology”; mechanisms for transferring rights to them; developing of legal relations between the owners, investors, and production; improving the existing legal institutions, such as blame; creating new requirements of innovation activities related to the use of electronic financial technologies, telemedicine services, the Internet, new regulatory objects (sites, domains, blogs, blockchains, etc.) and the emergence new structures (startups, venture capital funds, technology transfer centers, etc.).