Research and substantiation of rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations when using emulsional explosives in underground mining

Abstract

Purpose. To determine and substantiate the rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations using emulsion explosives such as Ukrainit PP-2B and to develop a methodology for their determination for the effective development of mineral deposits underground mining method. Methodology. To achieve this goal, a set of modern research methods was used, including an analysis of literature sources, design documentation and the practice of mining iron ore deposits at great depths, theoretical generalization of laboratory and industrial experiments, methods and techniques of technical and economic, graphic-analytical, correlation analysis. Results. The regularities of the change in the value of least resistance line from the ultimate strength of the ore to uniaxial compression and the diameter of blast holes were established. The obtained regularities made it possible to develop a methodology for calculating the rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in the deep horizons of the Kryvbas mines. Dependences of the technical and economic indicators of the use of the emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type in ore breaking on mining-geological and mining-technical factors were established. On the basis of the established rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations, a variant of the technological scheme for breaking iron ores by using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP–2B type with loading of ascending fans of deep wells using a self-propelled charging module RTCh–23 was proposed and economically justified. Originality. Power-law dependences of the least resistance line on the ultimate strength of the ore for uniaxial compression and the diameter of blast holes were established when using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type. Practical value. The method is developed for calculating the parameters of drilling and blasting operations with using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type in the deep horizons of the Kryvbas mines. The economically justified version of the technological scheme for breaking off iron ores with using an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type, which will make it possible to achieve an annual economic effect in the amount of UAH 11.9 million. Conclusions. It is established that the use of an emulsion explosive of the Ukrainit PP-2B type is a non-alternative direction in the further development of minerals at great depths, which will make it possible to reduce the cost of the technological process of breaking by 21% and reduce the harmful environmental impact on the world by 2,6–3,9 times.