JUSTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROPROCESSOR MICROCLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE GREENHOUSE

Abstract

Plants are biological objects that react to any changes in the environment and all the microclimatic parameters of the greenhouse are closely related to each other and directly affect the growth and development of plants of a particular culture, therefore, these parameters must be strictly controlled, located in limits. In the automation of technological processes automatic regulation plays an important role. It maintains unchanged over time any important value that characterizes a particular technological process, or changes these values according to a certain law. Only microprocessor systems, which are part of measuring devices, allow you to accumulate the results of observations, process them according to a certain program. By programming the logic of operation, microprocessor devices increase performance of the equipment. It is especially important to use measuring and information technologies based on the use of microprocessors and sensors in creating an optimal microclimate, i.e., to achieve the appropriate standard parameters indoors areas because along with increasing prices on fuel and energy resources the quality requirements for microclimate support are increasing, too. The primary tasks of automation are tracking and managing microclimatic parameters that directly or indirectly affect plant growth and production. Therefore, it became necessary to develop an effective and inexpensive system management for microclimate parameters for small greenhouses, which would be available to a wide range of consumers. As a result of the analysis of modern equipment for control and management of humidity, temperature and other climatic parameters, a microclimate control automatic system for a greenhouse was manufactured, which was developed and implemented on the hardware-computing platform Arduino in the development environment language Processing/Wiring. The performance characteristics of the developed and implemented device show that it has great potential. Namely, the fact that it performs constant monitoring of all indicators simultaneously due to sensors that transmit information to the control device, which is then fed to the processing unit, after which signals are issued to the corresponding actuators. In addition, the device has functional capabilities that allow you to choose a control method depending on the type of plant and the phase of growth, that is, the system can work according to a strictly specified program, or according to the time that is set depending on the day in the month, hours in the day. Integration of all functions in one system creates new control possibilities, the result of which is the increase in efficiency of optimization of quality of regulation of a microclimate at the expense of logical control that gives to the device additional advantages. That is, the risk of errors is reduced in contrast to the manual control of several independent systems. But it is important that the developed device replaces several separate devices.