Examination of individual residential buildings that were damaged and destroyed as a result of hostilities

Abstract

From the end of February 2022 until today, the material fund of Ukraine has been destroying by the Russian invaders, including individual residential buildings in every region of Ukraine. The authors carried out a mass technical inspection of more than 500 houses on the territory of the Makariv united territorial community, Buchansky district, Kyiv region. The result of each inspection is a technical report in which recommendations are given for possible restoration or, if necessary, dismantling (liquidation) of the object. All survey objects are divided by the periods of construction: before the 70s of the XX century, from the 70s of the XX century. In the second half of the 90s of the XX century, from the second half of the 00s of the XXI century. To this day. These construction periods are characterized primarily by construction technologies and materials used in construction. The result of this work is a comprehensive assessment of such buildings, with the provision of recommendations, that were damaged as a result of hostilities. Houses with a wooden frame suffer significant damage from any cause of destruction, and at the end of their useful life, it is economically impractical to restore such houses. Restoration of houses with ceramic brick walls can be economically feasible, but subject to a comprehensive assessment of each defect and damage, it is affected by the type of interior equipment, the mortar on which the masonry is laid, the location of the wall, etc. Restoration of houses, the walls of which are made of shell blocks, require a separate assessment, the determination of the condition of the masonry is quite limited and requires additional scientific research. Restoration of buildings, the walls of which are made of aerated concrete blocks, is mostly not physically possible, the use of the remains of a destroyed building when building a new one is inadmissible. The conclusions of this work can be used in the design of new buildings, using new recommendations caused by combat operations, regardless of the functional purpose of the building.