A model of symbol lightness discrimination in sparse scatterplots

Jing Li, J. V. Wijk, J. Martens
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引用次数: 20

Abstract

Symbols are used in scatterplots to encode data in a way that is appropriate for perception through human visual channels. Color is believed to be the most dominant channel with lightness regarded as the most important one of three color dimensions. We study lightness perception in scatterplots in the context of analytic tasks requiring symbol discrimination. More specifically, we performed an experiment to measure human performance in three visual analytic tasks. Outlined circles and unframed spots, equally sized, with a uniform luminance that was varied at ten or eleven equispaced levels between black and white were used as symbols and displayed on a uniform white background. Sixteen subjects divided in two groups, participated in the experiment and their task performance times were recorded. We propose a model to describe the process. The perception of lightness is assumed to be an early step in the complex cognitive process to mediate discrimination, and psychophysical laws are used to describe this perceptual mapping. Different mapping schemes are compared by regression on the experimental data. The results show that approximate homogeneity of lightness perception exists in our complex tasks and can be closely described by a blended combination of two opposite power functions assuming either the light end or the dark end of the lightness scale as the starting point. The model further yields discriminability scales of lightness for sparse scatterplots with a white background.
稀疏散点图中符号亮度判别模型
散点图中使用符号以一种适合人类视觉通道感知的方式对数据进行编码。色彩被认为是最主要的通道,而明度被认为是三个色彩维度中最重要的一个。我们在需要符号辨别的分析任务的背景下研究散点图的亮度感知。更具体地说,我们进行了一个实验来衡量人类在三个视觉分析任务中的表现。轮廓分明的圆圈和未框的斑点,大小相同,亮度均匀,在黑白之间以十或十一等分的亮度变化,被用作符号,显示在统一的白色背景上。16名受试者被分为两组,参与实验并记录他们的任务执行时间。我们提出了一个模型来描述这一过程。对亮度的感知被认为是调节歧视的复杂认知过程的早期步骤,心理物理定律被用来描述这种感知映射。通过对实验数据的回归,比较了不同的映射方案。结果表明,在我们的复杂任务中,亮度感知存在近似的同质性,可以用两个相反的幂函数的混合组合来密切描述,假设亮度标度的亮端或暗端为起点。该模型进一步为具有白色背景的稀疏散点图提供了可分辨度尺度。
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