Jeu de contextualisation de l’impératif et modulation des valeurs injonctives en usage dans Le Cercle des tropiques d’Alioun Fantouré

Abstract

French grammar promotes four modes that categorize the different ways in which the verb expresses the state or action, the way in which the action expressed by the verb is conceived and presented (doubt, reality, eventuality, etc.). This linguistic feature that runs through the enunciation carries the semantic feature (aspects) and the morphological feature (inflections / conjugation) of the verbs. These modes are the indicative, the subjunctive, the conditional and the imperative. The last-mentioned, generally speaking, is attributed by the users of the French language with the sole function of giving an order to an individual or collective interlocutor. In fact, it is also the mode of supplication, prohibition and advice. The argument underlying the present study in terms of hypothesis is that the imperative is a mode of invitation whose form depends on the (enunciation) context. This fundamental value can be observed throughout the pages of Alioun Fantouré's Le Cercle des Tropiques. The specific final objective here is to reveal all the subtleties of the use of this mode. In the game of analyzes and to ensure the stake which implies them, is calles to the rescure the pragmatic in particular in one of its components that is the theory of acts of language as initiated by John Austin. Key words: Imperative, Game of Contextualisation, Modulation, injunctive value, modal value.