Historical Detective Story and History as a Detective Story: to the Question of Cross-genre Synthesis

O. Kolesnyk
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Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the popular historical / retro detective genre, considered in terms of semantic fields shared with other literary genres, which for their synthesis. In particular, the motive of the activity of the past in the present and the future, present in almost all literary forms, is of a formative significance in the detective story. The plot is built on a retrospective reconstruction of events leading to a particular situation, typically a crime. This motive is crucial for historical and quasi-historical genres such as alternative history and cryptohistory, in which similar “detective” work on the reproduction of real or hypothetical events, their origins and results is carried out by the author himself and to some extent by the recipient. Such artistic research holds a significant place in the “investigation novel” genre, allowing the author to present his/her own scientifically based version of ambiguous historical material.The motive of understanding the true causes and nature of events is also present in the psychological novel, where the focus is shifted from the “external” mystery of the situation to the secrets of the depths of the human psyche. The fundamental principles of the detective genre reach considerable archetypal depth, based on such mythological and philosophical themes as the essence of time and the cause-and-effect relationships of events, the meaning of being and the essence of repentance. All this creates significant opportunities for philosophy, including historiosophical artistic research, allowing a complex synthesis of genres (most often: detective story – history – science fiction and fantasy), with extensive use of the achievements of psychological and social literature. All these forms of the artistic interpretation of the “past-in-the-future” are very relevant to the culture that is seeking new understanding of its own past and the history of international relations. It explains the relative popularity of the historical and retro-detective in contemporary Ukrainian literature.For Ukrainian authors, the second half of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries remains the most attractive period. The strongest points of their novels are a significant amount of historical and local history information, as well as efforts to understand (and rethink) the imperial heritage in its various forms; after all, it is not only about the Russian but also about the Austro-Hungarian empire.
历史侦探小说与作为侦探小说的历史——兼论跨体裁综合问题
本文分析了流行的历史/复古侦探体裁,从与其他文学体裁共有的语义场的角度来考虑它们的综合。特别是,在现在和未来的过去活动的动机,存在于几乎所有的文学形式中,在侦探小说中具有形成意义。情节是建立在导致特定情况的事件的回顾性重建上,通常是犯罪。这一动机对于历史和准历史类型(如另类历史和神秘历史)至关重要,在这些类型中,类似的“侦探”工作是对真实或假设事件的再现,它们的起源和结果是由作者自己进行的,在某种程度上是由接受者进行的。这种艺术研究在“调查小说”类型中占有重要地位,使作者能够根据模棱两可的历史材料呈现自己的科学版本。理解事件的真正原因和本质的动机也出现在心理小说中,其中焦点从情境的“外部”神秘转移到人类心理深处的秘密。侦探小说的基本原则达到了相当的原型深度,以时间的本质和事件的因果关系、存在的意义和忏悔的本质等神话和哲学主题为基础。所有这些都为哲学创造了重要的机会,包括历史哲学艺术研究,允许复杂的流派综合(最常见的是:侦探小说-历史-科幻小说和幻想),广泛使用心理和社会文学的成就。所有这些对“过去-未来”的艺术诠释形式都与正在寻求对自己的过去和国际关系史的新理解的文化非常相关。它解释了历史和复古侦探在当代乌克兰文学中相对流行的原因。对于乌克兰作家来说,19世纪下半叶和20世纪上半叶仍然是最有吸引力的时期。他们的小说最大的亮点是大量的历史和地方历史信息,以及对各种形式的帝国遗产的理解(和反思)的努力;毕竟,这不仅关乎俄罗斯,也关乎奥匈帝国。
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