Novel therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

Over 50 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), a sneaky, advancing neurological illness that accounts for the majority of dementia. Since there is no treatment for AD, the primary objective of current drug development is to invent medications that slows down the disease progression. Two clinical manifestations, amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque deposits and neurofibrillary tangles with hyperphosphorylated tau, are the pathological characteristics of AD and serve as biomarkers for neurodegenerative illness. CT1812 is a sigma-2 receptor antagonist, mechanistically aiming to displace Aβ oligomers attached to neuronal receptors to counteract AD progression. Other drugs, following the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved antibody aducanumab targeting amyloid-beta protein, recent results from clinical trials of lecanemab, donanemab and gantenerumab, revelas further information pertaining to the target of the amyloid-beta protein that associates with disease progression. In addition to this, efforts are needed to identify new and effective targets and to scale up drugs that have already undergone initial clinical trials.