Fractional order PI Controller based Load Frequency Control of Hybrid Power System with Electric Vehicle

Abstract

Incorporating renewable energy sources to the conventional electric grid can effectively reduce the power crisis faced by modern energy sector. Renewable energy sources like wind and solar are intermittent which cause fluctuation of power and later results in frequency instability. In this paper hybrid power system comprises of thermal system, Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), Diesel Engine Generator (DEG), Solar Photovoltaic (PV), Electric Vehicle (EV) along with energy storage system such as Battery Energy Storage (BES) and Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) are used. Considering the practical aspects, EV is added. A robust frequency controller namely fractional order PI (FOPI) controller has been used in our paper to control the frequency. Three different cases are considered on basis of different combination of BES & SMES to analyze the system performance. In case I, BES is used in both area. In case II, SMES is used in both area whereas in case III, SMES is used in area one and BES in area two. The parameters of FOPI is optimized by Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA). The Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) is selected as the objective function. To validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm the results are compared with another known optimization technique, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Our proposed optimization technique outperforms the PSO by preserving faster settling time.