A study of profile of the patients with typhoid fever in pediatric patients at tertiary care center

Abstract

Background: This word typhoid is derived from Greek word ‘TYPHOS’ meaning smokes or stupor. Typhoid is a multi systemic bacterial illness caused by Salmonella species, subspecies enterica and serovar typhi. Aims and Objectives: To study Profile of the patients with Typhoid Fever in pediatric patients at Tertiary Care center. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the department of pediatrics at tertiary health care centre during the one year period i.e. March 2017 to March 2018, in the one year period all the patients with fever were screened for typhoid fever all of them undergone routine tests with widal test. Those patients showing widal test positive and supported clinical features were considered to classify the patients as typhoid. So during the one year period 181 patients included into study. The details of the patients like age, sex, clinical features were noted entered to excel sheets and analyzed by excel software for windows 10. Result: In our study we have seen that the majority of the of the patients were in the age group of 9-12 were 29.83%, followed by 6-9 Were 24.86%; 3-6 were 20.99%, 1-3 were 13.81%, <1 were 10.50%. The majority of the were males i.e. 58.01% followed by 41.99% were females. The most common clinical features were Fever -100%, followed by Vomiting in 85%, Diarrhea in 78%, Weakness in 65%, Coated tongue in 59%, Hepatomegaly in 48%; Splenomegaly in 41%; Rash on the skin in 30%. Conclusion: The majority of the of the patients were in the age group of 9-12 Yrs. of age, majority of the patients were male and most common clinical features were Fever, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Weakness, Coated tongue, Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly. Key Word: Typhoid Fever, Widal test, Typhoid in children. Address for Correspondence: Dr. Jagadish N Bhadbhade, Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Vedaantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, At Saswand, Dhundalwadi, Talk. Dahanu, Dist. Palghar -401602, Maharashtra, INDIA. Email: jagadish_bhadbhade@yahoo.co.in Received Date: 10/02/2019 Revised Date: 17/03/2019 Accepted Date: 02/04/2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26611/10141014 INTRODUCTION This word typhoid is derived from Greek word ‘TYPHOS’ meaning smokes or stupor. 1 Typhoid is a multi systemic bacterial illness caused by Salmonella species, subspecies enterica and serovar typhi. A milder form of the disease is caused by serovars paratyphi A, B and C. About 26.9 million typhoid cases and more than 2 lakh deaths occur each year, with majority of the cases reported in Asia.2 The incidence of typhoid varies substantially within Asia, with a very high incidence noted in India and Pakistan. 3 Low standards of living and poor hygiene practices have contributed to the disease burden and made India endemic to typhoid fever. For developing countries like India, it is a big public health problem as the sanitation and public health standards are poor. Back in the 19th century, Typhoid fever was an important cause of hospital admission and death in the overcrowded and unsanitary urban conditions of the Europe and United states.4 The introduction of clean water and good sewage systems contributed to a dramatic decrease in the incidence of typhoid. Today most of the disease burden is seen in developing countries, where sanitary conditions are poor. So, we have seen the profile of the patients with Typhoid Fever in pediatric patients at Tertiary Care center Access this article online Quick Response Code: Website: