Formation of communicative skills in children with autic spectric disorders

Abstract

It is stated in the article that recently, in modern science, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of studying and correcting various developmental disorders in children. It is determined that one of the central places in the range of interests of special psychologists is the problem of autism spectrum disorders. Autism is a variant of mental development, which is manifested in isolation from reality, isolation from the outside world. Definition of autism by scientists are provided, one of which is the following: «autism is a psychopathological syndrome characterized by a lack of communication, formed on the basis of primary structural disorders or uneven development of the preconditions of communication and the secondary loss of the regulatory influence of communication on thinking and behavior». It is indicated that autism spectrum disorder is a special form of abnormal mental development, in which there are certain disorders of communicative behavior, as well as emotional contact of the child with the outside world. The main signs of autism are outlined: impaired communication, stereotyped behavior and weakened ability to social interaction. It is determined that all children with autism have problems with communication, regardless of intelligence and language development. This is manifested in the fact that it is difficult for them to get in touch with other people and there is a misunderstanding when they need to use communication. If it is not difficult for a child with autism to build a simple phrase and if he/she has a large vocabulary, it does not mean that he/she will not have difficulties in communicating. In turn, it is the established that the contact with the child promotes acceptance and understanding of features of such child, and also gives the chance to prepare for possible negative reactions and to provoke the necessary reactions. It is emphasized that an important aspect of working with a child with autism is to draw up an individual plan for working with such child It is substantiated that, in order for a child to feel comfortable in the society, it is necessary to form, develop and consolidate his/her communication skills.