An ultra-low power (ULP) zero-current-detector (ZCD) circuit for switching inductor converter applied in energy harvesting system

Abstract

In this paper, we present an ultra-low power (ULP) zero-current-detector (ZCD) circuit by using sub-threshold design method and discontinued operating time to decrease power consumption, which can be widely used in switching inductor converters such as boost, buck or buck-boost converters. The designed ZCD circuit consumes only 40 nA quiescent current to realize nearly 70 dB DC gain and 650 kHz gain-bandwidth (GBW) when it operates. The main comparator of the ZCD circuit has high sensitivity and very low delay time to turn-off the synchronous switches of the DC-DC converter on time. The average quiescent current consumption is less than 1.6 nA because the operating time is only 40 μs under the minimum switching period of 1 ms. Finally, the designed ZCD circuit is used in a boost converter for vibrational energy harvesting applications.