Diagnosing Disorders of Consciousness

Abstract

The definition of consciousness has long been debated in a scientific and philosophical context due to its ambiguous nature. Recent developments in the concept of consciousness have contributed to a better understanding of associated Disorders of Consciousness (DOC). However, there has not been an equivalent rise in the accuracy of diagnostic measures for DOC. About half of the patients with DOC are incorrectly diagnosed due to significant reliance on subjective and inaccurate behavioural scales. Consequently, the misrepresentation of a patient’s present residual consciousness severely affects the treatment and rehabilitation measures that they receive. These inaccurate diagnoses ultimately influence the patient’s chance of survival. Thus, it is necessary to critique the current methods of evaluating consciousness. Neurophysiological scales are explored as a possible alternative method of evaluating consciousness, which is characterized by high sensitivity and objectivity. An understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of different consciousness-evaluating techniques can aid in the advocacy of their widespread use for DOC patients.