Functional ovarian cysts in users of combined oral contraceptives versus medroxyprogesteroneacetate (M.P.A)

Abstract

Introduction: Hormonal contraceptives are prescribed at two main regimens; the combined formula of estrogen and progestin and the progestogen-only formula of either progesterone only or one of its synthetic analogs (progestins). Despite their use, the combined oral contraceptives (OCS) don't supress the ovarian follicular development, completely. The level of follicular activity during OC use depends on factors such as the type and dose of steroids administered, the administration schedule, the user's adherence to the regimen, and the individual's response to the hormones. Aim of the study: To evaluate the relationship between functional ovarian cysts and users of combined oral contraceptive pills and Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Subjects and Methods: A Prospective observation study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, involving 200 women divided into two groups: Results: Our results showed that 9% of patients in group A have follicles 10–30 mm and 4% have cysts ≥ 30 mm, while in group B, 17% have follicles 10–30 mm and 12% have cysts ≥ 30 mm, with a significant difference between both groups ( P < 0.001 ). Also, the mean cyst diameter in groups A and B were 47.6 mm and 59.3 mm, respectively, without any significant difference. Conclusions: Combined Oral Contraceptive pills have a low risk of follicular cyst formation than medroxyprogesterone acetate injection.