A Subaltern’s Quest for Identity and Respect: A Gramscian Study of ‘Our Lady of Alice Bhatti’

Mubashar Altaf, Qaiser Shahzad
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The research paper attempts to probe the resistance of subaltern against the institutionalized oppression of the capitalist society shown in the novel of ‘Our Lady of Alice Bhatti’ by Mohammad Hanif.  The researcher applies the theory of Gramsci to explore the abject condition, suppression and subsequent resistance of subaltern class. This novel gives voice to the oppressed, suppressed and wretched minority of Pakistani society.  Alice Bhatti, the protagonist is in many ways a subaltern. She is a Christian in Muslim majority society; she lives in the French colony in the slums of Karachi, she is a woman in the patriarchal society.  This novel shows the struggle and resilience of the protagonist. She fought against triple marginalization: She resists against poverty, she resists against patriarchy, she resists against religious fundamentalism, she resists against the bourgeoisie class. Mohammad Hanif produces a subaltern who speaks, who struggles, and who fights against the system.  In the end, she is crushed by the ruthless hands of the system. Her death by acid is a cry of a subaltern against inhuman suppression.
一个庶民对身份与尊重的追求:《爱丽丝·巴蒂夫人》的葛兰西研究
本研究试图探讨穆罕穆德·哈尼夫的小说《爱丽丝·巴蒂的夫人》中所表现出的庶民对资本主义社会制度化压迫的反抗。研究者运用葛兰西的理论来探讨下层阶级的悲惨处境、压迫和随后的反抗。这部小说为巴基斯坦社会中受压迫、受压迫和可怜的少数群体发出了声音。主人公爱丽丝·巴蒂在很多方面都是一个次等人物。她是穆斯林占多数的社会中的基督徒;她生活在法属殖民地卡拉奇的贫民窟,她是男权社会中的一名女性。这部小说表现了主人公的挣扎和坚韧。她反抗三重边缘化:她反抗贫穷,她反抗父权制,她反抗宗教原教旨主义,她反抗资产阶级。穆罕默德·哈尼夫造就了一个敢于发声、敢于斗争、敢于反抗体制的次官。最后,她被体制的无情之手压垮了。她死于酸液,是底层民众反抗非人压迫的呼声。
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