Competitiveness in a Green Economy

Abstract

: There are two opposing positions towards the application of the green economy and its relationship to export competitiveness: the first is adopted by various United Nations organizations, particularly UNEP, which has adopted advocacy for green economy applications since 2008, and the activities of United Nations organizations have rolled in this direction, which has focused on discussing the role of the green economy in sustainable development and poverty eradication. The second position was taken by some civil society organizations on the environment and sustainable development, opposed to the application of the green economy because of the crippling effects of development processes in developing countries where the significant difference in financial and technological capacities between developing and developed countries, in addition to the imposition of strict environmental standards on the exports of developing countries and the establishment of trade and economic sanctions if not adhered to This limits the ability of developing countries to achieve the economic growth rates required for development and weakening their competitiveness. Accordingly, the research is based on the hypothesis that there is a positive impact of the green economy, namely co2 emission as an independent variable on export competitiveness, represented by the proportion of exports of goods and services (EX) as a dependent variable, during the period (2000-2019) by applying to the Middle East and North Africa countries.